Malignant tumors of the parotid gland are actually quite rare. They occur at a rate of 1-2 cases per 100,000. These tumors occur in slightly more women than men and also have a higher rate of incidence in the Eskimo population. Mortality will depend on the characteristic of the tumor and the stage of the tumor. Some tumors are slow growing and just need to be watched and others are very agressive and require surgery. Sometimes these tumors can grow back. Pain is not necessarily an indicator that this tumor is malignant, but it can be an indicator of progression in a patient diagnosed with a malignancy.
Most tumors affect adults aged 30-70, but vary in stages and malignancy. Tumors that do occur in children have a much higher incidence of malignancy, around 35%.
CT and MRI are both imaging modalities of choice for these tumors for different reasons. CT will best demonstrate the inflammatory, recurrent mass and MRI is best for those masses that are not painful. These tests combined with a fine needle aspiration to determine cellular structure will diagnose this condition with near precision accuracy.
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